The concept of Distributed Systems

With the development of Internet , big data 、 High concurrency and fast response are the inevitable requirements of Internet system . But in the case of big data and high concurrency , The requirement of fast response is more demanding , Because a large amount of data will lead to a longer time to find data , High concurrency will slow down the Internet system due to busy , This in turn affects the response speed . So it's impossible for a stand-alone system to meet the needs of the Internet , In order to meet the demanding requirements of the Internet , The website system has developed from a single machine system to a multi machine cooperative system , Therefore, the Internet system has evolved from a single machine system to a multi machine system , We put this kind of system in which multiple machines cooperate with each other to complete enterprise business functions , It is called distributed system .

Microservice architecture

Because distributed is very complex , So there has always been no authoritative architecture and Design , More just the accumulation and practice of predecessors . Predecessors have summed up many useful ideas , Accumulated a lot of experience , Developed a lot of Distributed Software . in recent years , The most popular distributed architecture is micro service architecture .

What is the connection between the two

Distributed is just a means , Spread different machines in different places , And then these machines help each other with the business . Microservices are a special kind of distributed services , let me put it another way , Microservice architecture is a subset of distributed service architecture . Microservice architecture through finer grained service segmentation , Make the iteration speed and parallelism of the whole system higher , However, the complexity and performance of operation and maintenance will increase with the finer granularity of services . Microservices focus on decoupling , Make each module independent . Distribution focuses on resource sharing and accelerating computer computing speed .

We know , Implementing microservices requires a lot of software , Microservices cannot solve all the problems of Distributed Systems , It just seeks a balance , Make it easier for architects 、 Easily build distributed systems . But microservices are not the golden rule , For some special distributed requirements , We need to use other methods to achieve , Just as the method is dead , And man is alive , We need to solve the problem realistically .

The document to be introduced in this article , Combined with practical cases, this paper analyzes Spring Cloud The principle and application of basic components of microservice system are described , It also combines microservices to explain the relevant knowledge of Distributed Systems , And micro services ( Distributed ) System development . The following is the main content of the document ：

• The first 1 Chapter Overview of distributed and microservices

1. The characteristics of the Internet system
2. Distributed System Overview
3. Design principles of distributed system
4. Microservice architecture
5. Spring Cloud
6. Introduction of microservice system sample

• The first 2 Chapter Technology base

1. Spring Boot
2. REST Style Introduction

• The first 3 Chapter Service governance ——Eureka

1. Service Governance Center
2. Eureka Governance mechanisms
3. Eureka To configure

• The first 4 Chapter Client load balancing ——Ribbon

1. Overview of load balancing
2. First time to know Ribbon
3. Ribbon Load balancers and policies
4. Ribbon Service instance list maintenance
5. Customize Ribbon client
6. Ribbon Use practice

• The first 5 Chapter Circuit breaker ——Hystrix

1. summary
2. Introductory example
3. Hystrix working principle
4. Hystrix practice
5. The dashboard
6. Hystrix Attribute configuration

• The first 6 Chapter New circuit breaker ——Resilience4j

1. Circuit breaker (CircuitBreaker)
2. Speed governor (RateLimiter)
3. Bulkhead isolation (Bulkhead)
4. Retryer (Retry)
5. cache (Cache)
6. Time limiter (TimeLimiter)
7. Component mix
8. Use Sping Boot 2 Configuration mode

• The first 7 Chapter Declarative call ——OpenFeign

1. OpenFeign Use
2. To configure Hystrix
3. send eilence4g call openFeign Interface

• The first 8 Chapter used API gateway ——Zuul

1. What is a gateway
2. Zuul Enter into 「 example
3. Zuul Principle 1 filter
4. Current limiting
5. Dynamic routing
6. Grayscale Publishing ( Release of canary )
7. Use Hystrix Fuse

• The first 9 Chapter New gateway ——Spring CloudGateway

1. know Gateway
2. Assertion (Predicate)
3. filter (Filter) summary
4. Built in filter I factory
5. Custom filter
6. Gateway Knowledge supplement

• The first 10 Chapter To configure ——Spring Cloud Config

1. Introductory example —— Use Git Warehouse
2. Use other ways to configure
3. How to use the server

• The first 11 Chapter Spring Cloud Sleuth Full link tracking

1. The basic concept of link tracking
2. Spring Cloud Sleuth and Zipkin
3. example
4. Persistence

• The first 12 Chapter Monitoring of microservices ——Spring Boot Admin

1. An introduction to examples in this chapter
2. URL Registration method
3. Service discovery registration method
4. Use Spring Security Protect Admin Server side

• The first 13 Chapter Generate unique ID—— Signaling mechanism

1. Generate ID The common way to do it
2. Custom sign mechanism

• The first 14 Chapter Distributed database technology

1. Basic knowledge of
2. Development environment construction
3. Sharding algorithm
4. Slicing middleware ShardingSphere

• The first 15 Chapter Distributed database transactions

1. Strong consistent transactions
2. Weakly consistent transactions
3. The practical theory of distributed transaction application

• The first 16 Chapter Distributed cache ——Redis

1. Redis High availability
2. Use consistent hashes (ShardedJedis)
3. Distributed caching practices

• The first 17 Chapter Distributed session

1. Several ways of distributed sessions
2. Sticky conversation
3. Server session replication
4. Use the cache singsisnodataredis
5. Persist to database

• The first 18 Chapter Distributed system permission verification

1. Spring Security
2. Custom microservice permission control
3. OAuth 2.0 summary
4. Spring Cloud Security

• The first 19 Chapter Remote procedure call

1. Spring Security
2. Custom microservice permission control
3. OAuth 2.0 summary
4. Spring Cloud Security

• The first 20 Chapter Microservice design and high concurrency practices

1. Microservice design principles
2. Some optimization experience of high well production system
3. Simple microservice system example

This document describes Spring Cloud Microservices and their components . Because microservice system is a form of distributed system , It will inevitably have various disadvantages of distributed system , So I will also introduce some common knowledge of Distributed Systems , To better meet the needs of enterprises to build systems .